OPERATING SYSTEM CONCEPT-

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Defining operating system- 
We have looked at the operating systems role from the views of the user and of the system.  How through,  can we define what an operating system is ? In general, we have no completely definition of an operating system.  Operating systems exist beacause they offer a reasonable way to solve the problem of creating a usable computing system . The fundamental goal of computer systems is to execute user programs and to make solving user problems easier.  Toward this goal , computer hardware is constructed.  Since bare hardware alone is not particularly easy to use, application programs are developed.  These programs require certain common operations,  such as those controlling the I/O devices. The common functions of controlling and allocating resources are then brought together in to one pieces of software: the operating system.
                   In addition, we have no universally accepted definition of what is part of the operating system.

OPERATING SYSTEM CONCEPTS - SYSTEM VIEW

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System View-

 From the computer's point of view , the operating system is the program most intimately involved with the hardware . In this  context , we can view on operating system as a resource allocator . A computer system system has many resources that may be required to solve a problem : CPU time , memory space , file-storage space , I/O devices , and so on . The operating system acts as the manager of those resources . Facing numerous and possible conflicting requests for resources, the operating system must decide how to allocate them to specific programs and users so that it can operate the computer system efficiently and fairly. As we have seen , resources allocation is especially important where many users access the same mainframe or minicomputer .
                     A slightly different view of an operating system emphasizes the need to control the various I/O devices and user user programs. An operating system is a control program . A control program manages the execution of user programs to prevent errors and improper use of the computer. It is especially concerned with the operation and of I/O devices .    

OPERATING SYSTEM USER VIEW

Hi..... guys.... we are going to discuss an article on Operating System "User View"

User View-  The user's view of the computer varies according to the interface being used. Most computer users sit in front of  a PC , consisting of a monitor , keyboard , mouse , and system unit. Such as a system is designed for one user to monopolize its resources . The goal is to maximize the work (or play) that the user is performing in this case , the operating system is designed mostly for easy of use , with some attention paid to performance and none paid to resources utilization-    how various hardware and software resources are shared . Performance is, of course , important to the user ; but such a system are optimized for the single users experience rather than the requirement of multiple users .
   In other case , a user sits at a terminal connected to a mainframe or a  minicomputer . Other users are accessing the same computer through other terminals. These users share resources and many exchange information .  The operating system in such case is designed to maximize resources utilization -  to access that all available CPU time, memory, and I/O  are used efficiently and that no individual users takes more than her fair share .
   In still other cases , users sit at workstations connected to networks of other workstations and servers . These users have dedicated resources at their disposal , but they also share resources such as networking and servers -   file, computer and print servers . Therefor , their operating system is designed to compromise between individual usability and resource utilization ,
    Recently , many varieties of handheld computer have come into fashion . Most of these devices are standalone units for individual users . Some are connected to networks, either directly by wore or (more often) through wireless modems and networking .  Because of power, speed, ad interface limitations , they perform relatively few remote operations . Their operating system are designed mostly for individual usability , but performance per unit of battery life is important as well.
                                                                                                                                       Some computers have little or no users view.  For example , embedded computers in home devices and automobiles many have numeric keyboards and may turn indicator lights on or off to show status , but they and their operating systems are designed primarily to run without user intervention.

            

OPERATING SYSTEM CONCEPTS

WHAT OPERATING SYSTEM DO :-
It is 2nd article on operating system and we are gong to discussing on " What Operating Systems Do?"

We begin our discussion by looking at the  operating system's role in the overall computer system. A computer system can be divided roughly into four components :  the hardware , the operating system , the application programs, and the users .
The hardware -  The central processing unit  (CPU) , the memory , and the input/output (i/o) devices - provides the basic computing resources for the system .  The application programs-  such as word processors , spreadsheets, compilers, and Web browsers-  define the ways in which these resources are used to solve users' computing problems. The operating system controls the hardware and coordinates its use among the various application programs for the various users.
                                                                                                                         We can also view a computer system as consisting of hardware , software , and data . The operating system provides the means for proper use of these resources in the operation of the computer system. An operating system is similar to a government. Like a government , it performs no useful function by itself. It simply provides an environment within which other programs can do useful work.
                                                                                                               To understand more fully the operating system's role , we next explore operating systems from two view points: that of the user and that of the system .    

OPERATING SYSTEM

An operating system is program that manages the computer hardware. It also provides a basic for application programs and acts as an intermediary between the compute user and the computer hardware . An amazing aspect of operating system is how varied they are in accomplishing these tasks. Mainframe operating systems are designed primarily to optimize utilization of hardware . Personal computer (PC) operating systems support complex games, business applications, and everything in between . Operating systems for handheld computer computers are designed to provide an environment in which a user can easily interface with the computer to execute programs. Thus, some operating systems are designed to be convenient , others to be efficient , and others some combination of the two key.
     Before we can explore the details of computer system operation ,  we need to know something about system structure .  We begin by discussing the basic functions of system startup ,  I/O ,  and storage . We also describe the basic computer architecture that makes it possible to write a functional operating system .
                         Because an operating system is large and complex , it must be created price by piece by piece. Each of these pieces should be a well-delineated portion of the system , with carefully defined inputs, outputs, and functions . In this article , we provide a general overview of major components of an operating system .

ARTICLE OBJECTIVES :-
-  To provide a grand tour of the major components of operating systems.
-  To describe the basic organization of the computer systems.
-  An operating system is a master software .

bipinajay2016blogspot.com: OPERATING SYSTEM

bipinajay2016blogspot.com: OPERATING SYSTEM: An operating system is program that manages the computer hardware. It also provides a basic for application programs and acts as an interme...